Bowing techniques: The most essential part of bowing technique is the bow grip. It is usually with the thumb bent in the small area between the frog and the winding of the bow. The other fingers are spread somewhat evenly across the top part of the bow.
The violin produces louder notes with greater bow speed or more weight on the string. The two methods are not equivalent, because they produce different timbres; pressing down on the string tends to produce a harsher, more intense sound. The sounding point where the bow intersects the string also influences timbre. Playing close to the bridge gives a more intense sound than usual, and playing with the bow over the end of the fingerboard makes for a delicate, ethereal sound, emphasizing the fundamental frequency.
Various methods of 'attack' with the bow produce different articulations. These techniques include legato-style bowing, collé, ricochet, sautillé, martelé, spiccato, and staccato.
